POWER SYSTEM STABILIZER MODEL FOR SMIB

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POWER SYSTEM STABILIZER MODEL FOR SMIB

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A power system stabilizer (PSS) is a critical control device used to enhance the damping of low-frequency oscillations in a power system, particularly in a Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) configuration. The SMIB system is a simplified model often used for studying power system stability, where a single synchronous generator is connected to an infinite bus representing a large, stable grid.

The primary function of a PSS is to modulate the generator excitation system to counteract rotor angle oscillations by introducing a stabilizing signal derived from speed or power deviations. The PSS model typically consists of:

Input Signal Processing – Measures generator speed deviation or power fluctuations. Phase Compensation – Adjusts the signal phase to ensure proper damping action. Gain Adjustment – Amplifies the stabilizing signal appropriately. Limiter Block – Ensures the output remains within safe operational bounds.

By improving small-signal stability, a well-tuned PSS helps prevent system instability caused by electromechanical oscillations, ensuring reliable power transmission. The SMIB framework simplifies stability analysis, allowing engineers to design and validate PSS parameters before implementation in more complex multi-machine systems.