RSA Encryption and Decryption

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RSA Encryption and Decryption

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RSA encryption and decryption is a fundamental public-key cryptographic algorithm widely used for secure data transmission. The implementation of RSA in MATLAB, as demonstrated by Thunyawat Rajatasereekul and Voranon Kiettrsalpipop, leverages MATLAB's computational capabilities to handle the mathematical operations essential for RSA.

At its core, RSA relies on the difficulty of factoring large prime numbers. The process involves key generation, encryption, and decryption. Key generation begins with selecting two large prime numbers, multiplying them to form the modulus, and then deriving public and private keys based on modular arithmetic properties. The public key is used for encryption, while the private key is kept secret for decryption.

In MATLAB, this can be efficiently implemented using built-in functions for modular exponentiation and prime number generation. The encryption process raises the plaintext to the power of the public key exponent, then takes the modulus with the product of the primes. Decryption reverses this using the private key. MATLAB's optimization ensures that even with large numbers, computations remain feasible.

This approach highlights how MATLAB's numerical computing strengths make it suitable for cryptographic implementations, providing both clarity in algorithm understanding and efficiency in execution. The RSA example serves as a practical introduction to secure communication protocols in digital systems.