Economic Load Dispatch by GA method

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Economic Load Dispatch by GA method

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Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) is a critical optimization problem in power systems that aims to distribute the total power demand among generating units while minimizing fuel costs. The Genetic Algorithm (GA) is a popular metaheuristic approach used to solve ELD due to its ability to handle nonlinear constraints and find near-optimal solutions efficiently.

### GA Approach for ELD Problem Formulation: The objective is to minimize the total fuel cost of power generation while satisfying demand and operational constraints, such as generator limits and power balance. Chromosome Representation: Each solution (chromosome) encodes generator outputs, often as real-valued or binary strings. Fitness Function: Evaluates solution quality, typically inversely proportional to the total cost while penalizing constraint violations. Genetic Operators: Selection: Preferentially retains low-cost solutions (e.g., tournament or roulette wheel selection). Crossover: Combines parent solutions to explore new configurations (e.g., arithmetic or heuristic crossover). Mutation: Introduces small random changes to maintain diversity (e.g., Gaussian perturbation). Constraints Handling: Techniques like penalty functions or repair algorithms ensure feasibility.

### Advantages of GA Global Search: Avoids local optima by exploring diverse solutions. Flexibility: Adapts to nonlinear cost functions and complex constraints. Parallelizability: Population-based nature supports distributed computing.

GA-based ELD is widely applied in power grids to enhance economic efficiency, though hybrid methods (e.g., GA-PSO) are emerging for further refinement.